Interview Question in SAP Inventory Management

What are the types of special stocks available? 

Subcontracting, consignment, pipeline, project, sales order, RTP, stock transfer , third party.

What is meant by consignment stock?

The stock supplied by the vendor is in the companies premises with the company having no liability for the same.  The liability for the company will only be affected when the goods are issued from the consignment stock for use.

What is GR blocked stock? When it can be used? 

Whenever you are not sure about the quality of the product received, you can put in GR blocked stock. 

Controlled as the GRIR account is being affected

Problem is that after goods receipt and AFTER invoice verification, reversal of goods receipt is being done. Client wants this more controlled as the GRIR account is being affected. So no reversals to be done after Invoice verification.  How to approach this?

Make this setting: SPRO --> Materials Management --> Inventory Management and Physical Inventory --> Goods Receipt --> For GR-Based IV, Reversal of GR Despite Invoice

Here remove the tick against Mvt 102 & 122.

Now the system will not allow to return the Good at any case.   

Where the schedule margin key is customized?

You define the order float in the scheduling margin key, The scheduling margin key is copied from the material master. The float before production or float after production and the release period are defined in the scheduling margin key 

For Customizing for Shop Floor Control, by choosing Operations --> Scheduling --> Define Scheduling Margin Key . 

The scheduling margin key is assigned to the material ( MRP area in the material master) and is transferred when the production order is created.  These values can be changed in the production order.

SAP Inventory - Allow Negative stocks

In order to use negative stocks, you have to allow negative stock in customizing.

Only those materials for which negative stocks are activated in the material master, will be allowed to have negative stocks.

Customizing:  Transaction OMJ1 - Allowing Negative Stocks. 

First level: Valuation area. 

Choose for which valuation area you want to allow negative stocks and activate the flag.  Select the line of that valuation area and go to the plant level. 

Second level: Plant. 

When only one plant exists for that valuation area (this will always be the case in case the valuation area is defined as a plant), you see immediately a details screen with special stocks. 

Choose the special stocks that may go negative. Next use F3 or the green arrow to return to the overview of the plants. Select the plant and go the the storage location level. 

Third level: Storage Locations. 

Select for which storage locations negative stock is allowed. 

Save the whole lot. 

Negative stock will now be allowed in the selected storage locations for all materials that have the negative stock indicator activated in the material master in the storage 2 view. 

Maintain Storage Location

MMSC - Collective entry of Storage Location for a material. 

Insert new or delete un-used Storage Location. 

Maintain whether the storage location was included or excluded from MRP run. 

Block Storage Location from further posting

1. You can block the storage location of a material without affecting the rest of the location using the same material.
2. Create a Physical Inventory document for the storage location with transaction MI01
3. Select the Posting Block checkbox.
4. This would prevent transactions from occuring until you either post or delete the physical inventory document. (There are no impact, unless you do a post difference for the physical inventory document.) 
5. Another method is to rename the storage location name. 
1. Go to transaction OX09
2.  Edit -> Copy as (copy the original storage location to a new name, replacing the first character e.g. ZXXX)
3. Edit -> Delete    (delete the original storage location) 
4. Do the reverse if you want back the original storage location. 
5. Accounting document number range for MM
6. Transaction OMW9 Document Type - Double click on desire transaction code to check the document type for number range.                               (e.g. MR21 Document type - PR) 
7. Financial accounting document type - Assign the document type to a number range and account type. (e.g. PR  - Account type allowed for posting will be MS) 
8. Double click on the document type PR. 
9. Assign an unique starting number range that was not used.  e.g. 88 
10. Choose the Account type for Material and G/L account (MS) 
11. The rest of the fields are optional (you can leave it as blank) 

MBST: Reversal of cleared items in FI

When canceling a material document or an invoice posted with Transaction MR1M (Logistics Invoice Verification), the system generates error message F5802: 'Document includes already cleared items - reversal not possible'

This situation occurs if both goods receipt and an invoice for a purchase order item (scheduling agreement item) exist and the GR/IR clearing account has been cleared in this regard.

If you still want to cancel goods receipt with Transaction MBST or an invoice with Transaction MR8M, you must reset the corresponding cleared items beforehand in the accounting document using Transaction FBRA 'Reset cleared items. 

As an alternative, you can also carry out the correction described in Note 326707.

Difference Between Cancellation and Reversal 


 

What is the difference between cancellation and reversal?

Cancellation means total purchase item or a part of it can be cancelled when we feel it is not required and material has not yet  been received by the company.

    

Reversal means Purchase Return when the material has reached your company and you want to return it back due to some reason then you can go for reversal.

While doing MIGO, we can use cancellation and as well as reversal, what is the difference between the two?

In both cases,material is getting removed from inventory. But treatment in posting documentation is different. 

 

When we are doing partial goods return, then reversal can be used.

It's true that in both cases material is being removed from the stock but for different reasons and in different business processes.

Automate the opening of MM periods 

How can you automate the monthly opening of MM periods for transaction MMPV?

Following steps to be followed.

A. create a variant and check the attribute 'selection variable' for the parameter date. Then click the button 'Selection variables' and set the current date. Every time this variant is used the parameter DATE is filled with the current date.

B. Create a background job for RMMMPERI with the variant created in the preceding step. Set it as periodic.

C.This can be executed on each first day of month